“这个天井无论从哪个方向看都位于房屋的中心。它就像一个散发热量和空气的炉子。天井里总有一个角落是有阳光照射的，也总有一个角落是阴凉的。透过天井的墙壁，你可以看到白昼时的光线在移动，夜幕神秘地降临。天井象征着一小片天堂，它无法被舍弃，也不会被遗忘”。
——Maria Zambrano, Aurora.
“The patio like this is the center of the house in every way. It is like a stove that distributes heat and air. In it there must always be a corner in the sun, always one in the shade. Through its walls you can see the light of day turning and the night enters with its mystery. The patio is a symbol and a memory of that little piece of paradise that cannot be renounced and remains intact in the soul.”
——Maria Zambrano, Aurora.
项目的起始条件为——一个纵向大于横向的长方形地块，只有一面临街，地块两旁种植着茂盛的槐树，业主的建造要求是不需要完全按照法律法规将建造面积全部使用完，他们希望将工作室与生活空间分隔开来。以上条件说明了本项目中的非建筑区域是设计时一个挑战，这个区域作为了建筑中一个扩展和互补性的功能而存在。因此，设计者在截面上设置了一系列的连续孔洞，这样能够为室内提供扩展空间，使房间朝向天井的方向，免受街道一侧的噪音、交叉通风和地块南侧自然采光的影响。
The starting conditions—a plot that is deeper than it is wide with a single frontage open to the road lined with generous acacia trees, a house that does not need to exhaust the buildable area that the regulations allow and the desire to differentiate the work space from the domestic habitat of its owners—, suggest understanding the non-constructed areas as a matter of project that configure an expanded and complementary house to the interior house. Thus arises a succession of concatenated voids in section capable of providing extension spaces to the interior rooms and of orienting the rooms towards patios, guaranteeing protection against street noise, cross ventilation and the natural lighting that comes from the south located at the bottom of the plot.
▼项目外观，Overall view © Fernando Alda
▼入口处，Entrance © Fernando Alda
房屋的业主是一个一对夫妇和一个小女孩组成的三口之家，这对夫妇需要居家办公的空间，这意味着他们全天在家中停留的时间很长，有专注工作和放松休息两种模式，这需要设计者思考如何设置这两种生活模式之间的转换过渡。因为这栋房子有着公共办公空间和私人生活空间的双重需求，设计者必须清楚这两部分应如何限定。从公共道路进入住宅的第一个区域处设置了一个渐进的入口，随着地面的逐渐抬升，在一个处背光的天井达到最高点，随后便是一个开放的纵向长廊。这个空间的公共属性超过了私密性，从这里能够达到房屋核心处的楼梯，这个楼梯同时也作为一个门槛，业主将通过街道-走廊-天井-长廊的顺序有序地进入居住生活空间或工作空间，这也是有序安排室内空间最符合南方传统住宅的设计方式。
The owners, a couple with a little girl, require spaces to work from home, suggesting prolonged stays throughout the day, between concentration and rest, which encourage thinking about the need for relaxation transits between both activities. The house thus acquires a double reading, between the public and the private, which we must know how to qualify. A first area that is accessed from the public road offers a gradual entrance that, culminating in a first backlit patio, reaches an open longitudinal gallery. This space, even more public than private, from which we reach the staircase of a section around which the house pivots, is a threshold that will allow differentiated entry to the home or to the work spaces demanded through the sequence calle-zaguán-patio- gallery, catalog of intermediate places of the best southern tradition that make up an interior landscape.
▼渐进的入口和通高的空间，The gradual entrance and double height space © Fernando Alda
▼开放的长廊，The open gallery © Fernando Alda
走到长廊的尽头，绕过主天井，便进入了位于一楼的房屋，设计者在房屋的总长度的一半处设置了将夜间区域和更加私密区域分隔开的天井，这样一来便出现了一条对角线，天井在白天时流畅而清晰，向街道侧开放，同时面向个地块的内部，通过露台将起居室延伸至室外，扩大了房屋中间的面积。在一楼的天井处，甚至是在夜晚都是隐蔽和私密的，与街道和日常的喧嚣隔绝。
From the other end of the gallery, around the main patio, we access the house located on the first floor, disembarking in half the total length of the house, separating the night area sheltered by the more private patio. Thus, a diagonal emerges that hollows out the house, from the patio by day, fluid and articulated, open to the street and oriented towards the interior of the plot, through a terrace that extends the living room to the exterior, expanding the section of the central void. on the first floor, and even the patio at night, hidden and private, jealous of the street and the daily tumult.
▼起居室和旁边的天井，Living and patio © Fernando Alda
▼餐厨区，Dining area © Fernando Alda
▼餐厨区旁的天井，Patio beside the dining area © Fernando Alda
▼卧室和天井，Bedroom and patio © Fernando Alda
房屋与相邻的一栋四层建筑之间存在一面隔墙，意味着这里需要搭建一个凉篷来覆盖阶梯状的空隙，以掩盖这堵巨大墙体。室内的梁柱结构向凉篷结构延伸，加强了房屋中心天井的存在感。最终，天井成为了一个密集而充满活力的地方，这里反映了业主的家庭生活：孩子们在底层玩耍、在露台上聚会和阅读、一家人每天通过走廊和楼梯来来往往、绿色的凉棚中反映了一年四季的光线变化……
The existence of the dividing wall of the adjoining four-story building suggests the need for a pergola that covers the stepped central void to veil the presence of this powerful wall. The prolongation of the interior beam structure through the rhythm influenced by the pergola reinforces the presence of the patio at the heart of the house. The patio becomes a dense and vibrant place that we imagine will reflect domestic life: the children’s play on the lower level, the meeting and reading on the terrace, the daily coming and going through the corridor and the stairs, the green pergola, the change in light throughout the year…
▼两栋建筑间的凉篷，Pergola between two buildings © Fernando Alda
▼在凉棚处玩耍的孩子，Children playing at the pergola © Fernando Alda
最后是一间外屋——这间屋子一半是房间，一半是天井——位于房屋的最高处。这是一个半建造的地方，有地板和墙壁、有结构和孔洞，但是没有木工、也没有屋顶。在这个空隙处结束了街道-走廊-天井-长廊的顺序，当业主走到茂密的槐树下面时便是这一路线的终点，由此便能再次看向城市景色。
A last exterior room—half room, half patio—culminates the house. It is a half-built place, with a floor and walls, with a structure and holes, without carpentry, or a roof. This delimited void finishes off the sequence street-hallway-patio-gallery-staircase, ending the route against the tops of the voluminous acacia trees on the street and looking again at the city.
▼区位，site plan © Sol89 arquitectos
▼平面图，plan © Sol89 arquitectos
▼剖面图，section © Sol89 arquitectos
▼模型和项目手绘图，model and handdrawings © Sol89 arquitectos
Date: 06/05/2023
Architects
Sol89 arquitectos
González, Maria
López de la Cruz, Juanjo
Collaborators
Elena González, arquitecta
Rosa Gallardo, arquitecta
Estructura: Duarte y Asociados
Instalaciones: Sibón, Miguel
Arquitecto Técnico: Galocha, Cristóbal
Investor: Privado
Building Company: Asitec. Construcciones y Reforma
Location: Sanlúcar de Barrameda (Cádiz)
Typology: Housing
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